Windows Server 2022 is a robust operating system designed to power the most demanding enterprise applications, databases, and web servers. However, like all systems exposed to the internet, it’s a potential target for malicious actors. This guide will walk you through essential steps to ensure your Windows Server 2022 VPS or server remains secure, giving you peace of mind for your data and applications.
1. Update Windows Server Regularly
Keeping your server updated with the latest patches is crucial for security. Microsoft frequently releases updates to address vulnerabilities and bugs.
- Open the Windows Update Settings:
- Go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update.
- Click Check for updates and install any available updates.
Tip: Consider enabling automatic updates to ensure your server stays current without manual intervention.
2. Secure Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
RDP is commonly targeted by attackers, so taking measures to protect it is essential.
- Change the Default RDP Port: By default, RDP uses port 3389, making it a popular target.
- Open Regedit and navigate to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp\PortNumber. - Change the port value to an alternative unused port number.
- Limit RDP Access:
- Use a firewall to allow RDP connections only from trusted IP addresses.
- Consider using a VPN for RDP access, providing an additional layer of security.
3. Create Strong Password Policies
Using complex passwords and requiring periodic changes helps mitigate brute-force attacks.
- Go to Group Policy Management:
gpedit.msc. - Navigate to Computer Configuration > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Account Policies > Password Policy.
- Configure settings such as minimum password length, complexity requirements, and password expiration.
4. Enable Windows Firewall
The built-in Windows Firewall is a powerful tool for filtering incoming and outgoing traffic.
- Open Windows Defender Firewall and click on Advanced Settings.
- Create inbound and outbound rules that allow only the necessary ports and applications.
- Block any unnecessary connections that may pose a risk.
5. Configure User Account Control (UAC) and Least Privilege Access
UAC prompts users to confirm changes that require administrative privileges, limiting unauthorized system changes.
- Go to Settings > Control Panel > User Accounts > Change User Account Control settings.
- Ensure UAC is enabled.
For access control, create limited accounts for day-to-day tasks and use administrative accounts sparingly.
6. Install and Configure Antivirus Software
Protect your server from malware by installing a reputable antivirus solution. Microsoft Defender Antivirus, which is included in Windows Server 2022, is a good starting point.
- Enable Real-time Protection: Regularly scan your system for threats.
- Schedule Regular Scans: Configure the antivirus to automatically scan at regular intervals.
7. Regularly Backup Data
Having a solid backup strategy ensures your data remains safe in case of a security breach.
- Configure Windows Server Backup:
- Go to Server Manager > Add Roles and Features > Windows Server Backup.
- Schedule regular backups, storing them offsite for additional security.
8. Disable Unnecessary Services and Features
Minimize your attack surface by disabling services you don’t need.
- Open Server Manager, click on Manage, and select Remove Roles and Features.
- Carefully review and deselect roles or features not required for your server’s operation.
9. Enable Network Level Authentication (NLA) for RDP
NLA adds an additional layer of security by requiring users to authenticate before a session is established.
- Open System Properties > Remote Settings.
- Under Remote Desktop, select Allow connections only from computers running Remote Desktop with Network Level Authentication (recommended).
10. Audit Security and Event Logs
Regularly review security logs to identify and respond to suspicious activity.
- Go to Event Viewer > Windows Logs > Security.
- Review logs for login attempts, access violations, or other suspicious activity.
Conclusion
Securing your Windows Server 2022 VPS or server requires a multi-layered approach. By following these best practices, you can greatly reduce your risk of cyberattacks, keep your data safe, and ensure that your server performs optimally. At Hosteons, we prioritize security and are here to support you every step of the way.
Stay safe and secure!